The cost of living rose more than expected last month as salad and vegetable shortages helped push up food prices at the fastest rate in 45 years.
Alcohol prices in restaurants and pubs also drove up costs for households, as inflation jumped to 10.4% in the year to February from 10.1% in January.
Clothing costs, particularly for children and women, rose last month but fuel prices continued to fall.
The surprise figures come ahead of a decision on interest rates on Thursday.
The UK's central bank, the Bank of England, will decide whether to increase, lower or hold rates as it continues its battle to curb inflation.
It has put up interest rates 10 times since December 2021, as it seeks to make borrowing money more expensive and encourage people to spend less, with the aim of stopping prices rising so quickly.
To calculate inflation, which measures how prices change over time, the Office for National Statistics (ONS) tracks the prices of hundreds of everyday items.
It said the continued rise in food costs had been a big factor in February's inflation figure, coming at a time when supermarkets were experiencing shortages of some salad items and vegetables.
Tomatoes, peppers and cucumbers were among the goods affected as extreme weather in Spain and North Africa impacted harvests, and high energy prices hit growers in the UK. Problems with supply chains also contributed to the problem.
Along with higher prices for milk, olive oil and eggs, the ONS said the shortages helped push food inflation to 18.2% - the highest since 1978.
So called "core inflation" - which strips out items such as food, energy, alcohol and tobacco which can fluctuate in price - also unexpectedly rose jumping from 5.8% to 6.2%.
Until February inflation had fallen for three months in a row and the shock rise was "depressing", said ONS chief economist Grant Fitzner. However, he said the longer-term outlook was "not quite as bleak". He said inflation was set to fall this summer as energy prices come down.
Lucianne Allen is sales and marketing director at Aubrey Allen, a wholesale butchers in Coventry which also has a retail shop in Leamington Spa. She told the BBC that packaging and transport were two areas where costs had risen considerably.
"We've had to pass on some of that cost in the last 12 months, but we've absorbed some of it.
"I hope we've seen a peak [in price rises] but inflation continues to be very real and very present."
Inflation in the UK is higher than in most major developed economies. Chancellor Jeremy Hunt said slower price rises were "not inevitable".
"We recognise just how tough things are for families across the country, so as we work towards getting inflation under control, we will help families with cost-of-living support worth £3,300 on average per household this year," he added.
Labour Shadow Chancellor Rachel Reeves said the latest figures showed that "nothing" in the UK economy was working better than it did before the Conservatives took office 13 years ago.
Many economists had been expecting the Bank of England to hold rates on Thursday in light of recent fears over the stability of the banking sector, but following the inflation figures most expect a rise to 4.25% from 4%.
Source: BBC
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