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El Salvador Becomes First Country To Adopt Bitcoin As Legal Tender After Passing Law
June 9, 2021
June 6, 2021
El Salvador's president says he will make the Bitcoin cryptocurrency legal tender in the country.
If his plan is backed by congress, the Central American country would be first in the world to formally adopt the digital currency.
It would be used alongside the US dollar, El Salvador's official currency.
President Nayib Bukele says Bitcoin will make it easier for Salvadorans living abroad to send payments home.
"In the short term, this will generate jobs and help provide financial inclusion to thousands outside the formal economy," Mr Bukele told a Bitcoin conference in Florida, adding that it could also boost investment to the country.
He said he would send the legislation to congress next week.
Should it pass, the move would open up financial services to the 70% of Salvadorans who do not have bank accounts, the president said.
El Salvador's economy relies heavily on remittances, or money sent home from abroad, which make up around 20% of the country's gross domestic product (GDP).
More than two million Salvadorans live outside the country, but they continue to keep close ties to their place of birth, sending back more than $4bn (£2.9bn) each year.
Current services can charge fees for such transfers, which can take days to arrive and sometimes need to be picked up in person, according to the announcement.
"This will improve lives and the future of millions," Mr Bukele said.
He did not give more details about how the policy would work.
Bitcoin, a virtual asset with no direct connection to the real economy, has seen large fluctuations in value over the years.
Most of the world's central banks are looking into the possibility of creating their own digital currencies. In April, the Bank of England announced it was looking into creating a digital money that would exist alongside cash and bank deposits.
Strike, a mobile payments app set up in El Salvador, is working on the introduction of Bitcoin in the country, Reuters reports.
"Adopting a natively digital currency as legal tender provides El Salvador the most secure, efficient and globally integrated open payments network in the world," founder Jack Mallers said.
Rohan Grey, an expert with the Digital Currency Global Initiative, told BBC World Mr Bukele was "a young president trying to capitalise on a popular image".
"There is a lot of PR value in announcing something like this even if you haven't worked out all the details," he said.
Mr Grey cautioned more generally that a country adopting a cryptocurrency as legal tender would give considerable control "to a network that isn't stable, doesn't have accountable actors and doesn't have track record of providing the kind of price stability and liquidity that a currency is supposed to provide".
Roger Ver, from the website Bitcoin.com, said that other cryptocurrencies would do a better job than Bitcoin.
"This is fantastic news for all crypto-currencies in general, but what most of the world doesn't realise is that Bitcoin doesn't work as a currency anymore," he told BBC World.
"Now other currencies, like Bitcoin Cash, or Monero or ZCash do a far, far better job of working as a currency."
The plan announced by President Nayib Bukele would make the small Central American nation the first in the world to adopt the digital currency, Bitcoin, as legal tender alongside the dollar.
It would be a unique and bold step, the first by a sovereign country, and that may well be part of the attraction for Mr Bukele, a young, media-savvy and very popular leader who worries Washington over his increasingly autocratic tendencies.
There are still many questions over how the digital currency would become the country's legal tender - a major overhaul of El Salvador's financial infrastructure would be needed with Bitcoin at its heart.
But, in essence, it appears that is what Mr Bukele is proposing.
Much of El Salvador's developing economy is based on remittances from abroad and the move to a digital currency may allow family members to avoid the costly fees involved in sending money home each month.
Either way, it is a move which is likely to bolster Bitcoin's image as the "currency of the future" and President Bukele's standing among his supporters as an innovator.
