Families face "real challenges", Jeremy Hunt has warned, as government forecasters predict the biggest drop in living standards since records began.
The Office for Budget Responsibility says household income will fall by 7% over the next 18 months.
The chancellor said tax rises and a spending squeeze in his Autumn Statement would help tame inflation which he said had caused the drop.
But Labour said fairer choices about tax could have been made.
Shadow chancellor Rachel Reeves described the emergency budget measures as "an invoice for the economic carnage" created by the policies of former Prime Minister Liz Truss.
In a sombre statement lasting just under an hour, Mr Hunt undid much of the tax-cutting mini-budget unveiled by his predecessor as chancellor, Kwasi Kwarteng, only 55 days ago.
It was deliberately stripped of surprises and political theatre, with many of the announcements having been trailed in the media beforehand.
Mr Hunt told the BBC's political editor Chris Mason his plan would bring down soaring prices, while protecting public services.
"These are real challenges for families up and down the country," he said, adding: "I'm not pretending these aren't going to be difficult times, but there's a plan, there's hope - and if we follow this plan, if we stick with it, we can get through to the other side."
In the next two years, before the next general election is due, there will be further support for households and extra money for schools, the NHS and social care in England.
But after 2025 spending cuts are set to kick in for many departments.
The key measures were:
i. Tax thresholds will be frozen until April 2028, meaning millions will pay more tax
ii. Spending on public services in England will rise more slowly than planned - with some departments facing cuts after the next election
iii. The state pensions triple lock will be kept, meaning pensioners will see a 10.1% rise in weekly payments
iv. The household energy price cap has been extended for one year beyond April but made less generous, with typical bills capped at £3,000 a year instead of £2,500
v. There will be additional cost-of-living payments for the "most vulnerable", with £900 for those on benefits, and £300 for pensioners
vi. The top 45% additional rate of income tax will be paid on earnings over £125,140, instead of £150,000
vii. UK minimum wage for people over 23 to increase from £9.50 to £10.42 an hour
viii. The windfall tax on oil and gas firms will increase from 25% to 35%, raising £55bn from this year until 2028
The Resolution Foundation think tank said the Autumn Statement piled further pressure on "the squeezed middle" earners.
But it said increasing benefits in line with prices would make a "huge difference to those on low-to-middle incomes".
Mr Hunt denied that he had been forced to raise taxes and reduce spending because of the turmoil caused by Ms Truss's mini-Budget.
He said there had been mistakes, but insisted the government had "corrected those within weeks".
He argued that other countries, such as Germany, France and America were all facing similar problems as a result of the conflict in Ukraine and rising energy prices.
However, Mr Hunt denied he had postponed difficult decisions, with the squeeze on government departments to come.
Source: BBC
Image source: AP
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